Abase (English)
Webster's 1828 Dictionary
Abase
ABA'SE, v.t. [Fr abaisser, from bas, low, or the bottom; W. bais; Latin and Gr. basis; Eng. base; It. Abbassare; Sp. bare, low. See Abash.]
1. The literal sense of abase is to lower or depress, to throw or cast down, as used by Bacon, "to abase the eye."* But the word is seldom used in reference to material things.
2. To cast down; to reduce low; to depress; to humble; to degrade; applied to the passions, rank, office, and condition in life.
Those that walk in pride he is able to abase. Dan 4.
Whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased, Mat 23. Job 40. 2 Cor 11.
*Abase traces back to the Hebrew word 'anah' which has this very meaning in relation to the eye. More on this below.
Php 2:5 For think this within you, which mind was also in Christ Jesus,
Php 2:6 who subsisting in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God,
Php 2:7 but emptied Himself, taking the form of a slave, having become in the likeness of men
Php 2:8 and being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Himself, having become obedient until death, even the death of a cross.
Php 2:9 Because of this also God highly exalted Him and gave Him a name above every name,
Php 2:10 that at the name of Jesus "every knee should bow," of heavenly ones, and earthly ones, and ones under the earth,
Php 2:11 and "every tongue should confess" that Jesus Christ is "Lord," to the glory of God the Father. Isa. 45:23
This portion of Scripture in Philippians 2 describes perfectly the picture of Messiah seen in the word 'abase.' He humbled Himself in order to save mankind and therefore was/is exalted above all. Therefore, every knee shall bow to Him. Abase is used to translate two Hebrew words. Anah, which means to be afflicted, humbled (verses 7-8) and shaphel which has a similar meaning. Shaphel comes from the root meaning of prayer, as in kneeling and speaking to one in authority (verses 10-11).
Abase comes from the the Latin word bassus (low, base; base)
A cognate of 'bassus' is the Greek word 'basis.' This is the origin of the English word 'base' which means to step, a pedestal, or a foot. As seen above in Webster's dictionary 'basis' both in Latin & Greek are derivatives of the English word 'abase.'
G939
βάσις
basis
Thayer Definition:
1) a stepping, walking
2) that with which one steps, the foot
Part of Speech: noun feminine
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from baino (to walk)
Messiah 'abased' Himself by leaving the bosom of the Father (Philippians 2:5-11) to come to earth, which is His footstool (which is related to the Latin/Greek 'basis') (Isaiah 66:1) to dwell/walk among men (John 1:14; 1 John 1:1; Leviticus 26:12)
Abase is used to translate the following words in Scripture:
H6031 anah
H8213 shaphel
H8214 shephal
G5013 tapeinoo
H6031 anah
ענה comes from the root ען
Psa 18:35 You have also given me the shield of Your salvation; and Your right hand holds me up; and Your condescension (Heb. anavah) has made me great.
KJV
Psa 18:35 Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation: and thy right hand hath holden me up, and thy gentleness hath made me great.
2Co 10:1 And I myself, Paul, call on you through the meekness and gentleness of Christ (I, who indeed to look upon, am lowly among you, but being absent am bold toward you);
Isa 53:4 Surely He has borne our sicknesses, and He carried our pain; yet we esteemed Him plagued, smitten by God, and afflicted (anah).
Isa 53:7 He was oppressed, and He was afflicted (anah), but He did not open His mouth. He was led as a lamb to the slaughter; and as a ewe before her shearers is dumb, so He opened not His mouth.
Anah is also translated as 'afflict' and is the word used in relation to afflicting oneself on Yom Kippur. This is interesting in relation to this study and the picture of 'abase' meaning the Messiah leaving Heaven to come to earth as Yom Kippur is picture of this very thing.
When He returns He will not be in a state of abasement but in Glory
Isa 31:4 For thus hath the LORD spoken unto me, Like as the lion and the young lion roaring on his prey, when a multitude of shepherds is called forth against him, he will not be afraid of their voice, nor abase (anah) himself for the noise of them: so shall the LORD of hosts come down to fight for mount Zion, and for the hill thereof.
H8213 shaphel
H8214 shephal
Psa 113:1 HalleluYah! Praise, O servants of YHWH; praise the name of YHWH.
Psa 113:2 Blessed is the name of YHWH from now on and forevermore.
Psa 113:3 From the rising of the sun to its going, YHWH's name is to be praised.
Psa 113:4 YHWH is high above all nations; His glory above the heavens.
Psa 113:5 Who is like YHWH our God, who exalts Himself to dwell;
Psa 113:6 Who humbles (shaphel) Himself to consider all in the earth and the heavens!
Psa 113:7 He raises up the poor from the dust; He lifts the needy out of the dunghill,
Psa 113:8 in order to make him sit with nobles, with the nobles of his people.
Psa 113:9 He causes the barren to live in the house as the joyful mother of sons. HalleluYah!
Shaphal comes from the root פל
1Ti 2:5 For God is one, also there is one Mediator of God and of men, the Man Christ Jesus,
Heb 7:25 And from this He is able to save to the end completely the ones drawing near to God through Him, forever living to intercede on their behalf.
Heb 7:26 For such a High Priest was fitting for us: holy, harmless, undefiled, and separated from sinners, and having become higher than the heavens;
Heb 7:27 who has no need, as do the high priests, to offer sacrifices day by day, first for His own sins, then for those of the people. For He did this once for all, offering up Himself.
Our High Priest suffered (anah) so that He might be able to intercede (פל) on our behalf
Heb 2:5 For He did not put the coming world under angels, about which we speak,
Heb 2:6 but one fully testified somewhere, saying, "What is man, that You are mindful of him; or the son of man, that You look upon him?
Heb 2:7 You made him a little less than the angels; You crowned him with glory and honor; and "You set him over the works of Your hands.
Heb 2:8 You subjected all things under his feet." Psa. 8:4-6 For in order to subject all things under him, He left nothing not subjected to him. But now we do not yet see all things being subject to him;
Heb 2:9 but we do see Jesus crowned with glory and honor because of the suffering of death was made a little less than the angels, so that by the grace of God He might taste of death for all.
Heb 2:10 For it was fitting for Him, because of whom are all things, and through whom are all things, having brought many sons to glory, to perfect Him as the Author of their salvation through sufferings.
Heb 2:11 For both the One sanctifying and the ones being sanctified are all of one; for which cause He is not ashamed to call them brothers,
Heb 2:12 saying, "I will announce Your name to My brothers; I will hymn to You in the midst of the assembly." Psa. 22:22
Heb 2:13 And again, "I will be trusting on Him." Isa. 8:17 And again, "Behold, I and the children whom God gave to Me." Isa. 8:18
Heb 2:14 Since, then, the children have partaken of flesh and blood, in like manner He Himself also shared the same things, that through death He might cause to cease the one having the power of death, that is, the devil;
Heb 2:15 and might set these free, as many as by fear of death were subject to slavery through all the lifetime to live.
Heb 2:16 For indeed He does not take hold of angels, "but He takes hold of" "the seed of Abraham." Isa. 41:8, 9
Heb 2:17 For this reason He ought by all means to become like His brothers, that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the things respecting God, in order to make propitiation for the sins of His people.
Heb 2:18 For in what He has suffered, being tried, He is able to help those being tried.
G5013 tapeinoo
G5013
ταπεινόω
tapeinoō
Thayer Definition:
1) to make low, bring low
1a) to level, reduce to a plain
1b) metaphorically to bring into a humble condition, reduce to meaner circumstances
1b1) to assign a lower rank or place to
1b2) to abase
1b3) to be ranked below others who are honoured or rewarded
1b4) to humble or abase myself by humble living
1c) to lower, depress
1c1) of one’s soul bring down one’s pride
1c2) to have a modest opinion of one’s self
1c3) to behave in an unassuming manner
1c4) devoid of all haughtiness
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G5011
Humbled
Php 2:8 and being found in fashion as a man, He humbled (tapeinoo) Himself, having become obedient until death, even the death of a cross.
We should walk (Gk/Lat. basis) as He walked (1John 2:6)
Mat 23:12 And whoever will exalt himself shall be humbled, and whoever will humble (tapeinoo) himself shall be exalted.
Jas 4:10 Be humbled (tapeinoo) before the Lord, and He will exalt you.
1Pe 5:6 Then be humbled (tapeinoo) under the mighty hand of God, that He may exalt you in time;
1Pe 5:7 "casting all your anxiety onto Him," because it matters to Him concerning you. LXX-Psa. 54:23; MT-Psa. 55:22
Connecting humbling/abasing self during prayer
Luk 18:9 And He also spoke this parable to some of those relying on themselves, that they are righteous, and despising the rest:
Luk 18:10 Two men went up into the temple to pray, the one a Pharisee, and the other a tax collector.
Luk 18:11 The Pharisee was standing, praying these things to himself: God, I thank You that I am not as the rest of men, rapacious, unrighteous, adulterers, or even as this tax collector.
Luk 18:12 I fast twice on the sabbath; I tithe all things, as many as I get.
Luk 18:13 And standing at a distance, the tax collector would not even lift up his eyes to Heaven, but smote on his breast, saying, God, be merciful to me, the sinner!
Luk 18:14 I say to you, This one went down to his house having been justified, rather than that one. For everyone exalting himself will be humbled. And the one humbling (tapeinoo) himself will be exalted.
KJV
Luk 18:14 I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other: for every one that exalteth himself shall be abased (tapeinoo); and he that humbleth (tapeinoo) himself shall be exalted.
Related Study
Suffering
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